The claves is a pair of cylindrical hardwood sticks about 8 inches long and one inch in diameter, one of which is held in the player's fingertips over the cupped hand. Hence, the pattern is played on a percussion instrument called the claves and contains five beats, or strokes.
Justo Ángel Azpiazú also known as Don Azpiazú, was a leading Cuban orchestral director in the 1920s and 1930s. His group introduced authentic Cuban dance music and Cuban musical instruments to the USA. It was his Havana Casino Orchestra which went to New York City in 1930. It was arguably the biggest hits in Cuban music history, titled "Peanut Vendor".
Therefore, the instrument the song's repeated syncopated pattern of five strokes over was the clave.
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