Pioneer species move into an area after a disturbance that forms new land without soil.
Pioneer species are the first organisms to inhabit a region that has experienced a primary succession.
Primary succession begins in barren areas, such as on bare rock uncovered by a retreating glacier.
The first residents are lichens or plants that can survive in such an environment. Over hundreds of years these “pioneer species” transform the rock into soil that can support simple plants such as grasses.
Thus, Pioneer species move into an area after a disturbance that forms new land without soil.
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