Fatty acids produce more energy and more ATP molecules than carbohydrates.
Fatty acids are extremely efficient molecules when it comes to energy production and energy storage. Oxidation of one fatty acid will produce 50 to 70 per cent more ATP than the oxidation of one molecule of carbohydrate.
In fatty acid oxidation, the acyl COA long chain molecules are converted into Acetyl COA molecules by the process of beta-oxidation.
The Acetyl COA that is generated from the oxidation of fatty acids enters the citric acid cycle or the TCA cycle. This process produces NADH and FADH2.
These enter the electron transport chain of mitochondria to finally produce ATP. One fatty acid, palmitic acid, consisting of 16 carbons, can produce up to 129 molecules of ATP upon complete oxidation.
Therefore, the breakdown of fatty acids would generate about 106 molecules of ATP. So the correct option is D.
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