Answer:
Annette Lareau discovered differences in parenting styles that related to class distinctions. She discovered that in middle class families, parents practice "concerted cultivation." This childrearing practice consists of parents participating in the organization of their child's after school activities and providing a structured life for their child. This type of childrearing teaches children lessons through organized activities that help prepare them for a white collar job and the types of interactions that a white collar worker encounters (shaking hands and looking directly in eye). Middle-class parents are determined to make sure that their children are not excluded from any opportunity that might contribute to their advancement. Not necessarily by choice, working class and poor parents facilitate the "Accomplishment of Natural Growth" childrearing practice. These parents are less involved with the structure of their child's after school activities and generally have less education and time to impress values upon their children that will give them an advantage in school. This type of childrearing involves less organized activities and more free time for their children to play with other children in the neighborhood. These children gain an emerging sense of distance, distrust, and constraint in their institutional experiences, while middle-class children gain a sense of entitlement. Throughout this study, Lareau conducted "naturalistic and intensive observations. She observed twelve families (six white, five black, and one interracial). Lareau observed these children in their classrooms, home, school activities, appointments, church services, and other daily routines. Lareau interviewed parents, teachers, and other personnel.
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