To most efficiently solve this problem, you should divide the rod into pieces of charge that consist of Thin slices of the rod cut perpendicular to the axes of the rod. Option C.
The electric potential is a magnitud used to obtain a measure of the electric field that a charge located at a point A can acquire.
The electric potential, V, of the electric field created by a point charge Q is obtained by means of the following expression,
V = k (Q/R)
Where
The electric potential can be created by one or many punctual charges.
If it is caused by many punctual charges in the electric field, the total electric potential, Vt, results from the addition of the electric potentials, Vn, at that point created by each of the charges separately.
Vt = V1 + V2 + V3 + .... + Vn
In the exposed example, there is a lineal distribution of charges along the rod.
So there is a rod of length L. This rod has a possitive charge Q distributed along its length.
There is an A point placed at a distance D from one of the rod extremes.
We need to find the way to calculate the Electric potential, V.
Vt = ∫ K dQ/R
where dQ is a charge differential = λ dL
So we need to place a charge differential, dQ, at any place along the rod. Then R will be the distance from the dQ to the point A.
The total V is the addition of many puntual V.
The best way to calculate it is option C. Thin slices of the rod cut perpendicular to the axes of the rod.
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