In a semiconductor, the bonding molecular orbitals that contain electrons are referred to as the VALANCE BAND. Moreover, the antibonding orbitals that are completely empty are referred to as the CONDUCTION BAND.
Valence and conduction bands
A molecular orbital refers to the function that describes the location and behavior of a negatively charged electron (e-) in a given molecule.
The valence band refers to the highest range of positively charged proton energy where e- is usually present at the temperature of absolute zero (0).
Conversely, the conduction band refers to the band where e- jump up from the valence band when they are excited.
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