Sulfuric acid undergoes dissociation reaction to produce twice the amount
of hydrogen ions produced by nitric acid in solution.
- The volume of sulfuric acid equals; Half the volume of nitric acid
Reasons:
The concentration of the analytical group = 0.2 M
Volume of reagent = 20 ml
Concentration of the nitric acid to be replaced = 0.1 M
Replacement for the nitric acid = Sulfuric acid
Concentration of the sulfuric acid = Concentration of the nitric acid = 0.1 M
Reaction = Titration
Solution:
Sulfuric acid in solution gives; H₂SO₄ (aq) ⇄ 2H⁺ (aq) + SO₄²⁻(aq)
For nitric acid, we have; HNO₃ (aq) ⇄ H⁺(aq) + NO₃⁻(aq)
Therefore;
1 mole of sulfuric acid gives 2 moles of hydrogen ions
0.1 M solution of sulfuric acid gives 0.2 moles of hydrogen ions per liter
0.1 moles of hydrogen ions are therefore present in half a liter solution of 0.1 M sulfuric acid solution.
However;
0.1 M of nitric acid gives 0.1 moles of hydrogen ions per liter
Therefore;
- The volume of sulfuric acid required = Half the volume of nitric acid
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