By analyzing a phylogenetic tree, we can establish relationships between different taxonomic groups. Nodes, branches, and lineages provide information for these interpretations. The statements are C and E.
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The phylogenetic tree is composed of,
- Lineages → The taxonomic groups of interest. These are placed in the extremes of the branches.
- Nodes → These are the ramification points, which are also known as divergence points. They represent the location of the most recent common ancestor.
- Root → This is the older common ancestor that all lineages share. The first one in the tree.
⇒ Highly related groups that share a recent common ancestor. This means that they all diverge from the same node.
⇒ Lineages less related to each other are those whose common ancestor is far away in history.
A) Gray whales are the common ancestor of the Blue and Humpback whales. ⇒⇒⇒ NO
B) Blue and humpback whales diverged more recently than either did from
the gray whale ⇒⇒⇒ NO
C) The Bryde's whale shares a more recent common ancestor with the Sei
whale than with the Fin whale ⇒⇒⇒ YES
D) The blue and the Bryde's whale have more traits in common with each
other than with any other two species ⇒⇒⇒ NO
E) Southern minke whales and Northern minke whales have more traits in
common with each other than with any other species ⇒⇒⇒ YES
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