The following properties change across the periodic Table from group 1 to group 2
- a) Ionic radius - decrease
- b) Ionization enthalpy - increase
- c) Density - increase
- d) Melting point - increase
- e) Electropositive character - decrease
Group 1 are alkali metals that have one valence electron in the outermost orbit whereas alkaline earth metals are in group 2 have two valence electrons in the outermost orbit.
a) Ionic radius:
- The atomic and ionic radii of alkaline earth metals are fairly large though smaller than those of the corresponding alkali metals.
b) Ionisation enthalpy:
- Alkali metals have low Ionisation energy.
- in the case of alkaline earth metals Ionisation energy is higher compared to alkali metals
c) Density:
- The alkaline earth metals are denser than the alkali metals due to the smaller size and better packing of the atoms in the crystal lattice
d) Melting point:
- Melting points of alkaline earth metals are low but higher than those of alkali metals.
e) Electropositive character:
- all alkali metals are strongly Electropositive due to their low Ionisation enthalpies.
- alkaline earth metals are less Electropositive than alkali metals.
Thus, changes in properties are:
- a) Ionic radius - decrease
- b) Ionization enthalpy - increase
- c) Density - increase
- d) Melting point - increase
- e) Electropositive character - decrease
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