We can conclude the passage is from a medieval period because it includes a monarch that rules or has power over other social classes (third option).
One of the characteristics that made Medieval society to be different from other societies was its social structure. In this social structure, the monarchy represented by the king, queen, or prince was the most powerful social class.
This means this class had power over others including knights, noblemen, and peasants. This characteristic is shown in the passage because Prine John is announced with trumpets and seems to be protected and respected by others including "horsemen, horsewomen, and foot-passengers."
Note: This question is incomplete because the passage it refers to is missing; here is the passage:
About the hour of ten o’clock, the whole plain was crowded with horsemen, horsewomen, and foot-passengers, hastening to the tournament; and shortly after, a grand flourish of trumpets announced Prince John and his retinue, attended by many of those knights who meant to take share in the game, as well as others who had no such intention.
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