Given what we know about the mechanisms surrounding human DNA, we can confirm that the ones that may result in the evolution of various combinations of exons are:
An exon is a segment of DNA that carries information for the formation of specific proteins, whereas an Intron, its counterpart, applies to the segments that do not carry information or code for any proteins.
Given its nature of carrying genetic information, the loss or duplication of exons can lead to various combinations of these. Exons are arranged in specific segments of the genetic code, the loss of one can cause the interaction of Exons that were not previously related, the same may happen with duplication.
Splicing is the mechanism by which introns are removed from DNA. Since introns do not code for anything, they can be removed without harm and the exons can be arranged to form mature messenger RNA. A mutation of this mechanism can cause Exons to be arranged in new formations.
Finally, much like the Splicing mechanism, mutations in the DNA can cause the recombination of exons by affecting the genetic code of the exons themselves.
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