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AP Science Practice Question
A particular enzyme has an optimal temperature of 37°C and begins to denature at 45°C. During
denaturation, entropy increases (the protein loses much of its organization). The protein also
increases its energy content (energy must be absorbed from the surroundings to break the
numerous weak bonds that reinforce the native conformation). Thus, for denaturation, AS and
AH are both positive. Using the free-energy equation (AG = AH - TAS), explain why
denaturation becomes spontaneous at a certain temperature.

Answer 1

Denaturation becomes spontaneous at a particular temperature when TΔS >  ΔH therefore ΔG becomes negative.

An enzyme is a biological catalyst that promotes various reactions in the body. Enzymes are proteins. There is an optimum temperature within which proteins functions effectively. Beyond this limit, the ability of the protein to function effectively is greatly hampered.

The free energy equation is ΔG =  ΔH - TΔS. Since the energy absorbed increases, the entropy increases and the temperature increases, it follows that a point comes when TΔS >  ΔH therefore ΔG becomes negative and denaturation becomes spontaneous at a certain temperature.

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