Question

Restrictive covenants... a. Were rendered unenforceable by Shelly v. Kraemer in 1948. b. Were rendered unenforceable by the the Fair Housing Act in 1968. c. Were housing deed clauses that forbade the sale of properties in redlined areas of the city. d. Were housing deed clauses that forbade the sale of properties to people with poor credit.

Answer 1

Restrictive covenants "were rendered unenforceable by Shelly v. Kraemer in 1948."

This is evident by the Supreme Court decision in 1948 during the case of Shelly v. Kramer when the court ruled that the 14th Amendment prohibits the court from enforcing race discrimination in real estate contracts.

The 14th Amendment, which was ratified on July 9, 1868, stated that all the citizens of the United States have equal protection under the law.

Thus, no American citizens shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property by any state law.

Hence, in this case, it is concluded that the correct answer is option A. "were rendered unenforceable by Shelly v. Kraemer in 1948."

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