The 5 conditions that must all occur for a population to be in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium and for no evolution to occur are:
- none of the alleles in the population provide a survival advantage over other alleles
- no mutation
- differential reproduction (some individuals reproduce more than others)
- no genetic drift and large population size
- random mating
The Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium is a postulate that posits that in the absence of disrupting forces, genetic variation in a population will remain stable from generation to generation. The rule says that when mating is random in a significantly large population with no disruptive events, both the genotype and allele frequencies would remain constant because they are in equilibrium.
When a population reaches Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for a gene, it stops evolving and allele frequencies remain constant over generations.
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