The characteristics of the Bohr model allow you to find that the correct answer for the distribution of particles in the atom is:
b) Ten protons would be located in the nucleus, and 10 electrons would be on the outside of the atom orbiting in rings.
The bohr model was initially developed for hydrogen, where it manages to fully explain the spectrum of the hydrogen atom, it was quickly spread to other multi-electronic atoms with the characteristic of having a single electron in their last orbit.
The extension to atoms with more than one electron in the last shell the model results are not completely correct.
The Bohr model uses Rutherford's knowledge that the atomic nucleus is a very small part of an atom that contains all its mass, that is, it contains the protons and neutrons and the electrons are in circular orbits around the nucleus.
In the case presented of Neon, its electronic configuration is
1s² 2s² 2p⁶
Let's examine the different claims:
a) False. Protons and neutrons form the mass of the atom, therefore they are both in the nucleus.
b) True. The protons are in the nucleus and the electrons are in circular orbits.
c) False. All protons and neutrons must be in the nucleus, plus neon only has 10 neutrons.
c) False. The number of protons determines the type of atom. An atom with twenty protons is Calcium atom
.
In conclusion, using the characteristics of the Bohr model we can find that the correct answer for the distribution of particles in the atom is:
b) Ten protons would be located in the nucleus, and 10 electrons would be on the outside of the atom orbiting in rings.
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