The answer is the option d, they resist any change that threatens their security or standard of living. In other words, when a person has a vested interest, then that person will select the option that benefits him or her the most. For example, a teenager that cleans his room and helps at home because he expects to get something from his parents has a vested interest. He is not cleaning the room because he likes the an organized space, he does it because he wants to get an advantage from it.