Question

The curve below shows the percentage of population of aquatic species that die in response to doses of pollutant A:

Dose-response curve shows ten percent of the population died when exposed to thirty milligrams of pollutant A per kilogram of water. Twenty percent of the population died when exposed to thirty-eight milligrams of pollutant A per kilogram of water. Thirty percent of the population died when exposed to forty milligrams of pollutant A per kilogram of water. Forty percent of the population died when exposed to forty-two milligrams of pollutant A per kilogram of water. Fifty percent of the population died when exposed to forty-five milligrams of pollutant A per kilogram of water. Eighty percent of the population died when exposed to sixty milligrams of pollutant A per kilogram of water. Ninety percent of the population died when exposed to eighty milligrams of pollutant A per kilogram of water. One hundred percent of the population died when exposed to one hundred milligrams of pollutant A per kilogram of water.

A local manufacturing plant reports a spill that released pollutant A into the local watershed. Pollutant A is a toxic substance. Local officials must determine if the residents should be evacuated from the area. Initial groundwater samples show pollutant levels at 45 mg/kg of water. Which decision is supported by the empirical evidence provided by the dose-response curve?

Evacuation is not needed; continue groundwater monitoring.
Residents should be evacuated until levels decrease.
The spill no longer needs to be monitored.
Residents should only evacuate above LD50.

Answer 1

Based on the trend produced by the dose - response graph, it would be best to evacuate the residents in other to prevent the increasing percentage of deaths due to the rising level of pollutant A.

• The curve shows that the pollutant level in mg/kg of pollutant A is still increasing, hence, groundwater monitoring alone won't be the best decision to make.

• Since the pollutant level is still increasing, then the spill level still need effective monitoring.

• Evacuation of residents seems to be the best decision that should be taken based on the information interpreted on the graph.

Therefore, Evacuating residents to prevent rising death percentage is required as the pollutant level is yet to subside.

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