The lipid bilayer is a membrane composed of two layers of phospholipids. A phospholipid is a molecule made up of a polar phosphate head and non-polar fatty acid chains.
- The diagram makes reference to the different components of the lipid bilayer.
- The main components of the lipid bilayer are phospholipids and cholesterol.
- The lipid bilayer is also composed of different proteins such as transmembrane integral proteins (channels) and peripheral proteins.
The structures observed in the diagram are as follow:
- Phospholipid molecule (A). Function: structural.
- Polar (hydrophilic) head of the phospholipid (B). Function: stabilize the membrane by its interaction with water.
- Integral glycoprotein (C). Function: signaling pathways and cellular communication
- Oligosaccharide attached to a peripheral protein (D). Function: form the glycocalyx.
- Cholesterol (E). Function: provide fluidity to the lipid bilayer.
- Integral protein (F). Function: signaling pathways and cellular communication.
- Phospholipid bilayer (H-I). Function: Semipermemable barrier that separates the intern cell medium from the surrounding environment.
- Transmembrane integral protein (protein channel) (G). Transport of materials.
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