The Lewis structure theory is one of the oldest theories of chemical bonding, which describes, among other things, that a neutral atom consists of an atomic shell and a number of electrons in an outer shell.
The atomic hull remains unaltered by chemical changes; the number of electrons in that outer shell is equal to the positive charge of the atomic shell and lies between 0 and 8. The electrons in the outer shell are later called valence electrons. An atom or ion has the noble gas configuration if it has 8 valence electrons.
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