Question

A student built a model of DNA to show its helical structure in an attempt to display their knowledge of the chemical
properties of the 3D structure. In fact, the teacher asked the entire class to create similar models. However, the
teacher asks the students to incorporate a biological explanation for how each DNA molecule uniquely codes for
different traits. Which component should be incorporated in the student models in order to meet the teacher's
expectation for illustrating DNA's ability to code for unique traits?
-0)
A)
The DNA models should have different A:T, C:6 ratios.
B)
The DNA models should have unique nucleotide sequences.
The DNA models should have different angles of curvature for the helical
strands.
The DNA molecules should have alternating ribose and deoxyribose as the
sugars in the backbone.
D)

Answer 1

In the DNA molecule, nucleotidic sequences code for different traits. So, to meet the teacher's expectations, the student's DNA models should have unique nucleotide sequences.

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• In organisms, traits are determined by genes and proteins.

• Genes are physically located in chromosomes.

• A chromosome is composed of a linear and extremely long DNA molecule.

• DNA is composed of different nucleotides joined by their extremes.

• Nucleotides are subunits or monomers composed of a sugar molecule, joined with a phosphate group and a nitrogenated base.

• Nitrogenated bases are purines and pyrimidines. Adenine and guanine derive from purines, while Thymine and Cytosine derive from Pyrimidines.

• The nucleotidic sequence codifies or specifies the genetic instructions to the correct development and functioning of the organism.

• DNA molecule keeps the information about the sequence of amino acids in the protein.

• Each amino acid is determined by a codon, which is a short sequence of three bases that carry genetic information.

• Proteins create the organism's tissues and carry out specific functions in the organisms, controlling almost all processes and chemical reactions.

The nucleotidic sequence that composes the DNA molecule codes for proteins, and these proteins are what determine the traits in organisms.  

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Answer 2

Answer:

B) The DNA models should have unique nucleotide sequences

Explanation:

This answer is the only one that makes sense as it is the reason how only four different types of nucleotide (adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine) could be arranged into many different types of sequences to create different types of species.