What causes the intensity of light to be lower in the winter in locations other than the equator is the tilt of the Earth on its axis.
Winter occurs in the north when the Earth's orbit makes the Nothern half of the Earth tilt away from the sun. This causes:
As a result of the Earth's tilt leaning the northern half away from the sun, the sun hits the Earth at a lower angle and the tilted nature of the rays causes sunlight to be less intense. This effect is less noticeable in the equator where the tilt will have no effect on the exposure to sunlight.
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