Question

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Carbohydrates are sources of immediate energy for organisms such as animals and plants. Lipids are sources of stored energy within organisms, such as you. In no more than three sentences, describe the basic molecular composition of each macromolecule and state which molecule possesses more energy per molecule.

Answer 1

Carbohydrates are biomolecules that consist of monomeric subunits called monosaccharides; whereas lipids are composed of fatty acids and glycerol. Lipids have more energy than carbohydrates.

• Lipids contain 9 kcal per gram, whereas carbohydrates contain only 4 kcal per gram.

• Carbohydrates are biopolymers composed of monosaccharides (i.e., their monomeric subunits), which are linked via glycosidic bonds.

• For example, starch is a polysaccharide composed of a long chain of glucose molecules linked by glycosidic bonds.

• Lipids represent a broad category of biomolecules composed of a glycerol backbone and fatty acids.

• Some examples of lipids include phospholipids and cholesterol.

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