Question

Write a balanced net ionic equation for the reactions that occur when the following aqueous solutions are mixed. Include the physical states of each reactant and product. Do not subscript the phases.

(a) Copper(II) sulfate, CuSO4, and potassium hydroxide, KOH

(b) Lithium carbonate, Li2CO3, and aluminum nitrate, Al(NO3)3

(c) Sodium phosphate, Na3PO4, and barium chloride, BaCl2

Answer 1

Answer: The equations are given below.

Explanation:

To write the net ionic equations, we do not include spectator ions in the equations.

Spectator ions are defined as the ions which do not participate in a chemical reactions. These ions exists in the same form on both the sides of the reaction.

Equations for the given reactions is given as:

• a.) Copper(II) sulfate, $CuSO_4$, and potassium hydroxide, KOH

Ionic equation follows:

$Cu^{2+}(aq.)+SO_4^{2-}(aq.)+2K^+(aq.)+2OH^-(aq.)\rightarrow Cu(OH)_2(s)+2K^+(aq.)+SO_4^{2-}(aq.)$

Removing the spectator ions, we get the net ionic equation, which is:

$Cu^{2+}(aq.)+2OH^-(aq.)\rightarrow Cu(OH)_2(s)$

• b.)  Lithium carbonate, $Li_2CO_3$, and aluminum nitrate, $Al(NO_3)_3$

Ionic equation follows:

$6Li^+(aq.)+6CO_3^{2-}(aq.)+2Al^{3+}(aq.)+6NO_3^-(aq.)\rightarrow 6Li^+(aq.)+6NO_3^-(aq.)+Al_2(CO_3)_3(s)$

Removing the spectator ions, we get the net ionic equation, which is:

$6CO_3^{2-}(aq.)+2Al^{3+}(aq.)\rightarrow Al_2(CO_3)_3(s)$

• c.) Sodium phosphate, $Na_3PO_4$, and barium chloride, $BaCl_2$

Ionic equation follows:

$6Na^+(aq.)+2PO_4^{3-}(aq.)+3Ba^{2+}(aq.)+6Cl^-(aq.)\rightarrow Ba_3(PO_4)_2(s)+6Na^+(aq.)+6Cl^-(aq.)$

Removing the spectator ions, we get the net ionic equation, which is:

$3Ba^{2+}(aq.)+2PO_4^{3-}(aq.)\rightarrow Ba_3(PO_4)_2(s)$

Hence, the equations are given above.

Answer 2

The balanced net ionic equation for the reactions are:

A. The net ionic equation for the reaction between copper (II) sulfate, CuSO₄, and potassium hydroxide, KOH  is:

Cu²⁺(aq) + 2OH¯(aq) —> Cu(OH)₂(s)

B. The net ionic equation for the reaction between lithium carbonate, Li₂CO₃, and aluminum nitrate, Al(NO₃)₃ is:

3CO₃²¯(aq) + 2Al³⁺(aq) —> Al₂(CO₃)₃(s)

C. The net ionic equation for the reaction between sodium phosphate, Na₃PO₄, and barium chloride, BaCl₂ is:

2PO₄³¯(aq) + 3Ba²⁺(aq) —> Ba₃(PO₄)₂(s)

A. Determination of the net ionic equation for the reaction between copper (II) sulfate, CuSO₄, and potassium hydroxide, KOH

In solution, CuSO₄ and KOH will dissociate and react as follow:

CuSO₄(aq) —> Cu²⁺(aq) + SO₄²¯(aq)

KOH(aq) —> K⁺(aq) + OH¯(aq)

CuSO₄(aq) + KOH(aq) —>

Cu²⁺(aq) + SO₄²¯(aq) + K⁺(aq) + OH¯(aq) —> Cu(OH)₂(s) + SO₄²¯(aq) + K⁺(aq)

Cancel the spectator ions (i.e SO₄²¯ and K⁺) and balance the equation to obtain the net ionic equation as shown below:

Cu²⁺(aq) + 2OH¯(aq) —> Cu(OH)₂(s)

B. Determination of the net ionic equation for the reaction between lithium carbonate, Li₂CO₃, and aluminum nitrate, Al(NO₃)₃

In solution, the reaction will proceed as follow:

Li₂CO₃(aq) + Al(NO₃)₃(aq) —>

2Li⁺(aq) + CO₃²¯(aq) + Al³⁺(aq) + 3NO₃¯(aq) —> Al₂(CO₃)₃(s) + 2Li⁺(aq) + 3NO₃¯(aq)

Cancel the spectator ions (i.e Li⁺ and NO₃¯) and balance the equation to obtain the net ionic equation as shown below:

3CO₃²¯(aq) + 2Al³⁺(aq) —> Al₂(CO₃)₃(s)

C. Determination of the net ionic equation for the reaction between sodium phosphate, Na₃PO₄, and barium chloride, BaCl₂

Na₃PO₄(aq) + BaCl₂(aq) —>

3Na⁺(aq) + PO₄³¯(aq) + Ba²⁺(aq) + 2Cl¯(aq) —> Ba₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 3Na⁺(aq) + 2Cl¯(aq)

Cancel the spectator ions (Na⁺ and Cl¯) and balance the equation to obtain the net ionic equation as shown below:

2PO₄³¯(aq) + 3Ba²⁺(aq) —> Ba₃(PO₄)₂(s)

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