The type of decay a radioisotope will undergo is determined by: the neutron to proton ratio.
An atom can be defined as the smallest unit which comprises the matter that forms all chemical elements. Thus, atoms are typically the fundamental building blocks of matter and as such determines (defines) the structure of a chemical element.
Generally, atoms are typically made up of three (3) distinct particles and these are;
Isotopes can be defined as the atom of a chemical element that has the same number of protons but different number of neutrons.
This ultimately implies that, the isotopes of a chemical element have the same atomic number (number of protons) but different atomic mass (number of nucleons).
On a related note, this two distinct particles (protons and neutrons) found in the atom of a chemical element determines the type of decay or disintegration a radioisotope will undergo.
In conclusion, the type of decay a radioisotope will undergo is determined by the neutron to proton ratio.
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