To test the validity of a given argument, we need to see if we can find a counter-example that makes one of the statements non-valid. If after analyzing the statements we can't find a counterargument, then we can conclude that the argument is valid.
Here we will find that the argument is valid.
We can write this as:
If he participates in a race then he is the winner.
Either he participates in the race, or he is sick.
He is not the winner, then, he is sick.
Now, from the first statement, we know that always that this person participates in a race, he wins.
From the second statement we know that he only participates if he is not sick, we can rewrite that one as:
"If he is sick, then he does not participate in the race".
Finally, from the third one, if he does not win, then he is sick.
This makes sense, he only does not participate when he is sick, then the only races where he is not the winner, are these races where he does not participate, and he does not participate only if he is sick, then this is a valid argument.
Concluding, the 3 statements are valid, as we can't find any counterargument to any of these 3.
If you want to learn more, you can read:
https://brainly.com/question/7747645
