Question

A population of tree frogs lives in an area that has many types of plants and trees. The skin of most of the frogs is gray, which blends in better with the bark of trees than with the leaves of plants. Some of the frogs have skin that is greener in color, which blends in better with grasses and leaves. Snakes and birds are predators of the frog. Humans have come to the area and are beginning to cut down the trees. Describe the probability of survival for the three frogs of each genetic variation of skin colour if most of the trees are cut down. Use evidence in the paragraph to support your answer.

Answer 1

Answer:

with the normal natural predators their chances of survival are high but when humans step in entire forests can be wiped out which will endanger every species of frog

Answer 2

If most trees are cut down, grey individuals will not survive because they will be more exposed to predation. Green frogs will show a greater survival rate. Directional selection is favoring the green phenotype and its genotype.

What is directional selection?

Directional selection is one of the different types of natural selection.

It increases the proportion of individuals with an extreme phenotypic trait.

It causes a decrease in the number of individuals expressing intermediate phenotype, and the other extreme phenotype.

This selection presents more frequently in those cases in which interactions between living organisms and the environment modify in the same direction.

In the exposed example, there is a natural environmental pressure: predation.  Frogs need to camouflage to avoid being seen by birds and snakes.

• Most frogs are grey. They camouflage with the bark of trees

• Some other frogs are green. They camouflage with the grass and leaves.

The curve in a graph frequency vs phenotype shows a higher frequency of gray individuals.

When humans cut down the trees, they are applying another pressure to the population.

Since humans remove trees, grey frogs remain without a substrate in which to camouflage. They are now exposed to predation.

Birds and snakes can detect the gray frogs better and prey on them.

The grey phenotype and its genotype are affecting the animals' fitness. Grey frogs do not get to survive. So natural selection does not favor it.  

Natural selection tends to benefit the green phenotype, which is now the one that increases the frogs' fitness. Green animals are not seen by predators, so they get to survive.  

The curve in a graph frequency vs phenotype now shows a higher frequency of green individuals and a sharp decrease of grey frogs.

If more trees are cut down, grey individuals will not survive. However, green frogs will show a greater survival rate.

Directional selection is favoring the green phenotype and its genotype.

You will learn more about directional selection at

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