Question

Derive the first three (non-zero) terms of Taylor's series expansion for the function

(a) f(x)=sin(x)f(x)=sin⁡(x)  about the origin and thereby estimate sin(0.2)=​

Answer 1

Answer:

We want to find the first 3 terms of the Taylor's series expansion for f(x) = sin(x) around x = 0.

Remember that a Taylor's series expansion of a function f(x) around the point x₀ is given by:

$f(x) = f(x_0) + \frac{1}{2!}f'(x_0)*(x - x_0) + \frac{1}{3!}*f''(x_0)*(x - x0)^2 + ...$

Where in the formula we have the first 3 terms of the expansion (but there are a lot more).

So, if:

f(x) = sin(x)

x₀ = 0

The terms are:

$f(x_0) = sin(0) = 0$

$\frac{1}{2!}*f(x_0)'*(x - x_0) = \frac{1}{2} cos(0)*(x - 0) = x/2$

$\frac{1}{3!}*f(x_0)''*(x - x_0)^2 = \frac{1}{6}*-sin(0)*(x - 0)^2 = 0$

$\frac{1}{4!}*f(x_0)'''*(x - x_0)^3 = \frac{1}{24}*-cos(0)*(x- 0)^3 = -\frac{x^3}{24}$

We already can see that the next term is zero (because when we derive the cos part, we will get a sin() that is zero when evaluated in x = 0), then the next non zero term is:

$\frac{1}{6!}*f(x_0)''''*(x - x_0)^5 = \frac{1}{2*3*4*5*6} *(x - 0)^5 = \frac{x^5}{720}$

Then we can write:

$sin(x) = \frac{x}{2} - \frac{x^3}{24} + \frac{x^5}{720}$

Evaluating this in x = 0.2, we get:

$sin(0.2) = \frac{0.2}{2} - \frac{0.2^3}{24} + \frac{0.2^5}{720} = 0.099667$