Root hair cells are adapted for taking up water and mineral ions by having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption. They also contain lots of mitochondria, which release energy from glucose during respiration to provide the energy needed for active transport.
What are Root hair cells?
Plants do not have a heart, blood, or circulation system, but they do need a transport system to move food, water, and minerals around.
They use two different systems - xylem moves water and mineral ions from the roots to the leaves - phloem moves food substances such as sucrose (sugar) and amino acids from the leaves to the rest of the plant. This movement of food is called translocation. Both of these systems contain cells that make continuous tubes running the full length of the plant from the roots, up the stem, and through the leaves. They are like blood vessels for the plant.
Plants absorb water from the soil by osmosis. They absorb mineral ions by active transport, against the concentration gradient. Root hair cells are adapted for taking up water and mineral ions by having a large surface area to increase the rate of absorption. They also contain lots of mitochondria, which release energy from glucose during respiration to provide the energy needed for active transport.
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