Question

After reviewing the results of a math test, the teacher tells the class that those students who completed their review worksheets scored an average of 10 points higher
on the test than those students who did not complete their review worksheets. Which of the following BEST describes how the teacher likely came to this conclusion?
A. The teacher conducted an observational study by comparing the performance on the test of those who completed their review worksheets to those who did not
complete their review worksheets.
B. The teacher conducted a sample survey by asking students if they completed their review worksheets and if they think they did well on the test.
C. The teacher performed a controlled experiment in which one group of students decided not to complete their review worksheets and the other group decided to
complete their review worksheets.
OD. The teacher performed a random experiment in which the test scores of one group of students would be higher and the test scores of the other group would be lower.

Answer 1

Answer:

A. The teacher conducted an observational study by comparing the performance on the test of those who completed their review worksheets to those who did not complete their review worksheets.

Answer 2

The statement that best describes the method how the teacher likely came to the specified conclusion is: Option A. The teacher conducted an observational study by comparing the performance on the test of those who completed their review worksheets to those who did not complete their review worksheets.

When do we perform observational study, sample survey, controlled experiment, or random experiment?

• Observational study is usually chosen when the researches the system is likely to produce different result if interfered.
• Sample survey is done if the population is too big to analyze or destructible as the analysis occurs.
• Controlled experiment is done manually, specifically to deduce conclusions. Its steps are fixed.
• Random experiment is done specifically to deduce conclusions, but it is done in a random manner.

In the case of testing about test scores, teacher can't use random or controlled experiment as the teacher would more likely work with real data of test scores instead of students faking it.

The sample survey is not needed as getting test scores doesn't destroy them, nor the population of students is too high(assuming math class has small number of students (usually under some hundreds) ).

Observational study is best choice here, and this is done on all students by observing how much students achieved in scored in test and relate it with them completing the review worksheets or not.

Thus, the statement that best describes the method how the teacher likely came to the specified conclusion is: Option A. The teacher conducted an observational study by comparing the performance on the test of those who completed their review worksheets to those who did not complete their review worksheets.

Learn more about observational study here:

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