In the new psychology of leadership, what do the authors say is the most important characteristic of an effective leader?

In the article "The New Psychology of Leadership", authors Stephen D. Reicher, Michael J. Platow, and S. Alexander Haslam delves into what makes an individual a good leader. They focus on what makes a leader and how the relationship with the common people contributes to the effectiveness of the leader's actions.

According to them, previous 'elements' that make a person a good leader were charisma, a good speaker, or someone who is intelligent. But recent studies seem to make a change in how a leader is determined. The article states "the best leaders are prototypical of the group--they not only seem to belong to it but also exemplify what makes the group distinct from and superior to rival groups." This means that an individual who has a connection and affinity to the people will have a stronger sense of relativity to the masses. And in that connection, he/she will be able to understand what they are going through and be more understanding of their situation.

Thus, the correct answer is option D.