The discovery of the Cape of Good Hope made the route obsolete was a disadvantage of that overland route as a trade route to the East. As In the late Middle Ages, people could use an overland route between the mouth of the Nile River to the Mediterranean coast.
Mediterranean Sea is the attached to the Atlantic Ocean, it closed to the land and environed by the Mediterranean Basin.
In the tradition of Western civilization, the sea has played a vital role. The Mediterranean is sometimes mistaken for being part of the Atlantic Ocean.
Thus, option D is correct.
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