Answer:
Economic expansion
The economy is expanding which means that people have access to higher wages. This will enable them to save more.
As the economy is expanding, people will borrow to consume more as well as to invest which will lead to a higher demand for borrowed funds.
With more people able to afford goods and services, prices will increase as there is now more demand for those goods.
Economic recession
With the economy shrinking, companies will be making less profit and will have to layoff workers to reduce their costs.
In a recession, the Government will have to spend more to prop up the economy like the US Government did during this pandemic by providing stimulus packages. This spending is supported by borrowing.