The relationship between angles 1, 2 and 3 is that they follows exterior angle principle. Therefore, ∠3 = ∠2 + ∠1
Exterior angle theorem
The exterior angle theorem states that the measure of an exterior angle is equal to the sum of the measures of the two remote interior angles of the triangle.
In other word, the measure of each exterior angle of a triangle is equal to the sum of the opposite and non-adjacent interior angles
Therefore, the angle 3 is related to angle 1 and 2(remote interior angles) by the exterior angles theorem. Mathematically, this can be represented as follows:
∠3 = ∠2 + ∠1
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