Rivers take nutrients, salts, sediments, and pollutants from their source at high altitudes, to estuaries and oceans, where they end. The correct option is A. from rivers and streams flowing into estuaries and oceans.
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A river is composed of three main courses:
The highest course ⇒ near the source.
The medium course
- There is a decrease in the speed of the waters, the erosive effect, and the dragging capacity.
- The flow increases due to the contribution of tributaries. The valley widens.
The low course
- It is near the mouth, where the slope is low, and the river speed decreases notoriously.
- There are wider valleys -plains- and wide meanders.
- The most characteristic feature of this part of the river is the deposit of the last materials that have been uprooted and transported in the previous phases.
- Hight sedimentation degree.
So, from their source at different latitudes and altitudes, rivers go through different states and, as they do so, they carry with their wildlife, sediments, suspended elements, available nutrients, and dissolved oxygen, among others.
As streams pass near farmlands, cities, factories, they also carry pollutant elements, such as chemicals, microbeads, plastics, etcetera.
These elements characterize by their durability in time and resistance, which means that once in the river, they end up in the oceans, where they remain for centuries.
According to this explanation, the option that best explains how nutrients, salt, sediment and pollutants get into estuaries and oceans is option A. from rivers and streams flowing into estuaries and oceans.
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