Given:
First customer bought 1/2 of all eggs of lady seller and 1/2 of an egg.
Her second customer bought 1/2 of all the remaining eggs and 1/2 of an egg.
At this point she had sold all her eggs.
To find:
The number of egg the lady have when she came to the market.
Solution:
Let x be the number of egg that the lady have when she came to the market.
First customer bought 1/2 of all eggs of lady seller and 1/2 of an egg. So, the number of remaining eggs after first customer is
[tex]x-\dfrac{1}{2}x-\dfrac{1}{2}=\dfrac{x}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}[/tex]
Her second customer bought 1/2 of all the remaining eggs and 1/2 of an egg. So, the number of remining egg after second customer is
[tex]\text{Remaining eggs}=\dfrac{x}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}-(\dfrac{x}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2})\times \dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}[/tex]
[tex]=\dfrac{x}{2}-\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{x}{4}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2}[/tex]
[tex]=(\dfrac{x}{2}-\dfrac{x}{4})+(-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{1}{2})[/tex]
[tex]=(\dfrac{2x-x}{4})+(\dfrac{-2+1-2}{4})[/tex]
[tex]=\dfrac{x}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}[/tex]
At this point she had sold all her eggs. It means the remining eggs is 0.
[tex]\dfrac{x}{4}-\dfrac{3}{4}=0[/tex]
[tex]\dfrac{x}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}[/tex]
Multiply both sides by 4.
[tex]x=3[/tex]
Therefore, the lady came to the market is with 3 eggs.