The item that is NOT typically associated with spending is certificate of deposit
What is the certificate of deposit?
Banks and credit unions provide certificates of deposit (CDs), a product that offers a higher interest rate in return for the customer's promise to leave a lump-sum deposit unattended for a certain amount of time.
Almost all consumer financial institutions offer certificate of deposit , although it’s up to each bank which terms it wants to offer, how much higher the rate will be compared to the savings and money market products offered by the bank, as well as the penalty for early withdrawal.
Shopping around is crucial to finding the best certificate of deposit rates because different financial institutions offer a surprisingly wide range. For example, your brick-and-mortar bank might pay a pittance on even long-term certificate of deposit , while an online bank or local credit union might pay three to five times the national average.
Instead of the more typical periods based on three, six, or 18 months or full years, special promotions with occasionally uncommon lengths like 13 or 21 months provide some of the greatest rates.
Certificate of deposit are a safer and more conservative investment than stocks and bonds, offering lower opportunity for growth, but with a non-volatile, guaranteed rate of return.
What is spending?
Spending in an economy refers to the total amount of money spent by people and families on final products and services for their own use and enjoyment. Contemporary measures of spending include all private purchases of durable goods, nondurable goods, and services. Spending may be seen as an essential component of output, investment, and personal saving in an economy.
Companies must adapt by cutting expenses, salaries, or innovating and delivering newer and better products and services if customers contribute fewer revenues to a specific firm or sector. Companies who are most successful at doing this generate larger profits and, if they are publicly traded, often do better on the stock market. Spending may then be used as a reliable investment indicator.
Hence, option D is the correct answer
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