Question

A chemist decomposes several samples of carbon monoxide into carbon and oxygen and weighs the resultant elements. The results are shown below:
Sample Mass of Carbon Mass of Oxygen
1 6 8
2 12 16
3 18 24
Do you notice a pattern in these results?

Next, the chemist decomposes several samples of hydrogen peroxide into hydrogen and oxygen. The results are shown below:
Sample Mass of Hydrogen Mass of Oxygen
1 0.5 8
2 1 16
3 1.5 24
Part B
Do you notice a similarity between these results and those for carbon monoxide in part a?
partc
Formulate a law from the observations in a and b.
part d
Formulate a hypothesis that might explain your law in c

Answer 1

Answer: The given compounds follows law of constant composition.

Explanation:

Law of constant composition states that a compound always contain the elements in the fixed ratio by their masses.

For Example: In water $(H_2O)$, the hydrogen and oxygen are present in the fixed ratio of 1 : 9 by their mass.

• For a: A sample of carbon monoxide

For sample 1:

Mass of carbon = 6

Mass of oxygen = 8

Mass ratio of carbon and oxygen in sample 1 = 6 : 8 = 3 : 4

For sample 2:

Mass of carbon = 12

Mass of oxygen = 16

Mass ratio of carbon and oxygen in sample 1 = 12 : 16 = 3 : 4

For sample 3:

Mass of carbon = 18

Mass of oxygen = 24

Mass ratio of carbon and oxygen in sample 1 = 18 : 24 = 3 : 4

As, the mass ratio of carbon and oxygen remains the same which is 3 : 4 in all the three samples. Thus, this compound follows law of constant composition.

• For b: A sample of hydrogen peroxide

For sample 1:

Mass of hydrogen = 0.5

Mass of oxygen = 8

Mass ratio of hydrogen and oxygen in sample 1 = 0.5 : 8 = 1 : 16

For sample 2:

Mass of hydrogen = 12

Mass of oxygen = 16

Mass ratio of hydrogen and oxygen in sample 1 = 1 : 16 = 1 : 16

For sample 3:

Mass of hydrogen = 1.5

Mass of oxygen = 24

Mass ratio of hydrogen and oxygen in sample 1 = 1.5 : 24 = 1 : 16

As, the mass ratio of hydrogen and oxygen remains the same which is 1 : 16 in all the three samples. Thus, this compound follows law of constant composition.

Answer 2

The law that can be stated from the results of experiments is the ratio of the mass of the constituent compounds is fixed

While the hypothesis is the mass composition of the constituent components of CO and H₂O₂ is fixed

Further explanation

Proust stated the Comparative Law that compounds are formed from elements with the same Mass Comparison so that the compound has a fixed composition of elements

In the same compound, although from different sources and formed by different processes, it will still have the same composition/comparison

With this law, we can calculate how many grams an element is needed to make a compound with a certain mass, as desired

The mass of compounds can also be calculated.

For example, the mass ratio of oxygen (O) and hydrogen (H) elements in H₂O remains at 8: 1. So if you know the amount of mass of oxygen you can know the amount of hydrogen and water mass.

From Mass of Carbon and Mass of Oxygen which is decomposed from carbon monoxide (CO) compounds, it can be concluded that the mass ratio C: mass O = 3: 4

Whereas Mass of Hydrogen and Mass of Oxygen, which decomposes from hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), has a ratio of mass H: mass O = 1:16

From experiments, a and b can be stated a law that is "the composition of a compound formed from a fixed mass ratio"

The hypothesis that may be stated is "the mass of the constituent components of the compound is fixed"

Learn more

the scientist investigation

https://brainly.com/question/158048

the ratio of hydrogen atoms (h) to oxygen atoms (o) in 2 l of water

https://brainly.com/question/10861183

Dalton Law Comparisons

https://brainly.com/question/1615468

Keywords: Proust, Hypothesis, Law