Question

differentiate the components of cause/effect versus problem/solution.

Answer 1

cause is why something happens while effect is what happens as a result of that.

problem is already something being asked and solution is how you fix it.

Example: cause (the refrigerator was left open) effect (the ice melted)

                problem (the ice melted because the refrigerator was left open) 
                 solution (close the refrigerator to refreeze the ice) 

Answer 2

"Cause and effect" occurs when a situation that occurs brought about by another situation. That is, the components of the "cause and effect" system are two situations where one happens by influence of the other. For example: The phase "I cut myself because I touched a very sharp blade" shows two situations where one happened to be influenced by the other. In this case, the situation "I cut myself" is the effect of the cause "I touched a very sharp blade"

Already the "problem and solution" system occurs when one situation happens to solve an aspect of another situation. That is, one situation will resolve another situation that is causing a problem. For example, the phrase "I kept the sharp blades on top of the cabinet so I wouldn't cut myself again" shows the "problem and solution" system. The "I kept the blades sharp" situation is the solution to the problem "so that I wouldn't cut myself again."