Which of the following statements correctly compares transcription in prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
A. Bacteria have one type of RNA polymerase, whereas eukaryotes have at least three.
B. RNA polymerase in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes produce the same RNA molecules.
C. Both eukaryotes and prokaryotes recognize a polyadenylation signal in order to terminate transcription
D. Prokaryotes have at least three types of RNA polymerases, whereas eukaryotes only have one.

The correct comparison between transcription of prokaryotes and Eukaryotes is that prokaryotes have one type of RNA polymerase, whereas eukaryotes have at least three.

Prokaryotes Transcription:

Only three promoter elements: -10, -35 promoters, and upstream elements.

Prokaryotes have only one type.

In prokaryotes, transcription and translation occur simultaneously.

Polyadenylation do not occur in prokaryotes.

Transcribed mRNAs in prokaryotes are polycistronic.

In prokaryotes, termination is done by either rho-dependent or rho-independent mechanisms.

Eukaryotic Transcription:

Eukaryotes contain many different promoter elements: TATA box, initiator elements, CAAT box, etc.

There are three types of RNA polymerases, I, II, and III in Eukaryotes,

The RNA is transcribe in the nucleus and then translate in the cytoplasm.

Eukaryotic mRNAs are monocistronic.

Termination is done by two elements: a poly(A) signal and a downstream terminator sequence.

Therefore, the correct comparison between transcription of prokaryotes and Eukaryotes is that prokaryotes have one type of RNA polymerase, whereas eukaryotes have at least three.

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