There's a bit of ambiguity in your question...
We know that [tex]f^{-1}(-15)=7[/tex], which means [tex]f(7)=-15[/tex].
I see three possible interpretations:
• If [tex]f(x)=k\sqrt2+x[/tex], then
[tex]f(7)=-15=k\sqrt2+7\implies k\sqrt2=-22\implies k=-\dfrac{22}{\sqrt2}=11\sqrt2[/tex]
• If [tex]f(x)=k\sqrt{2+x}[/tex], then
[tex]f(7)=-15=k\sqrt{2+7}\implies -15=3k\implies k=-5[/tex]
• If [tex]f(x)=\sqrt[k]{2+x}[/tex], then
[tex]f(7)=-15=\sqrt[k]{2+7}\implies-15=9^{1/k}\implies\dfrac1k=\log_9(-15)[/tex]
which has no real-valued solution.
I suspect the second interpretation is what you meant to write.