The process shown in the diagram is called transcription.
Transcription represents the first stage of protein synthesis. During this process, genetic information on DNA templates are transcribed to genetic codes in the form of messenger RNA.
The transcription process starts with the binding of the RNA polymerase enzyme to the promoter region of a gene. This causes the unwinding of the double helix structure of DNA in the binding region. Thereafter, the RNA polymerase starts synthesizing the complementary bases of the DNA template.
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