Question

A swimming pool with a volume of 30,000 liters originally contains water that is 0.01% chlorine (i.e. it contains 0.1 mL of chlorine per liter). Starting at t = 0, city water containing 0.001% chlorine (0.01 mL of chlorine per liter) is pumped into the pool at a rate of 20 liters/min. The pool water flows out at the same rate. Let A(t) represent the amount of chlorine (in mL) in the tank after t minutes. Write a differential equation for the rate at which the amount of chlorine in the pool is changing with respect to time. Then solve the DE to state a model representing the amount of chlorine in the pool at time t.

Be sure to remember to state the initial conditions for this DE clearly.
Rin =____________
Concentration of chlorine in the tank: c(t) =_________
Rout = _________
Differential equation:

Answer 1

Answer:

$R_{in}=0.2\dfrac{mL}{min}$

$C(t)=\dfrac{A(t)}{30000}$

$R_{out}= \dfrac{A(t)}{1500} \dfrac{mL}{min}$

$A(t)=300+2700e^{-\dfrac{t}{1500}}, A(0)=3000$

Step-by-step explanation:

The volume of the swimming pool = 30,000 liters

(a) Amount of chlorine initially in the tank.

It originally contains water that is 0.01% chlorine.

0.01% of 30000=3000 mL of chlorine per liter

A(0)= 3000 mL of chlorine per liter

(b) Rate at which the chlorine is entering the pool.

City water containing 0.001%(0.01 mL of chlorine per liter) chlorine is pumped into the pool at a rate of 20 liters/min.

$R_{in}=$(concentration of chlorine in inflow)(input rate of the water)

$=(0.01\dfrac{mL}{liter}) (20\dfrac{liter}{min})\\R_{in}=0.2\dfrac{mL}{min}$

(c) Concentration of chlorine in the pool at time t

Volume of the pool =30,000 Liter

$Concentration, C(t)= \dfrac{Amount}{Volume}\\C(t)=\dfrac{A(t)}{30000}$

(d) Rate at which the chlorine is leaving the pool

$R_{out}=$(concentration of chlorine in outflow)(output rate of the water)

$= (\dfrac{A(t)}{30000})(20\dfrac{liter}{min})\\R_{out}= \dfrac{A(t)}{1500} \dfrac{mL}{min}$

(e) Differential equation representing the rate at which the amount of sugar in the tank is changing at time t.

$\dfrac{dA}{dt}=R_{in}-R_{out}\\\dfrac{dA}{dt}=0.2- \dfrac{A(t)}{1500}$

We then solve the resulting differential equation by separation of variables.

$\dfrac{dA}{dt}+\dfrac{A}{1500}=0.2\\ The integrating factor: e^{\int \frac{1}{1500}dt} =e^{\frac{t}{1500}}\\ Multiplying by the integrating factor all through\\\dfrac{dA}{dt}e^{\frac{t}{1500}}+\dfrac{A}{1500}e^{\frac{t}{1500}}=0.2e^{\frac{t}{1500}}\\(Ae^{\frac{t}{1500}})'=0.2e^{\frac{t}{1500}}$

Taking the integral of both sides

$\int(Ae^{\frac{t}{1500}})'=\int 0.2e^{\frac{t}{1500}} dt\\Ae^{\frac{t}{1500}}=0.2*1500e^{\frac{t}{1500}}+C, (C a constant of integration)\\Ae^{\frac{t}{1500}}=300e^{\frac{t}{1500}}+C\\ Divide all through by e^{\frac{t}{1500}}\\A(t)=300+Ce^{-\frac{t}{1500}}$

Recall that when t=0, A(t)=3000 (our initial condition)

$3000=300+Ce^{0}\\C=2700\\ Therefore:\\A(t)=300+2700e^{-\dfrac{t}{1500}}$