Respuesta :
A polar substance which can participate in hydrogen bonding is most soluble in water.
What is a polar substance?
- Polar substances have molecules where there is a high difference in electronegativity between their constituent atoms
- For example, Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a polar substance
- Polar substances are "water-loving" which means they dissolve easily in water
To identify the most water-soluble molecule, we need to understand hydrogen bonding and solubility in water.
What is hydrogen bonding?
- This form of bonding occurs when there is an attractive electrostatic force between an electronegative group and a hydrogen atom bonded to an electronegative group
- For example, there is hydrogen bonding among water molecules.
What kind of a molecule is water?
- Water is a polar molecule
- It has electronegative oxygen and electropositive hydrogen
- By the concept of "like dissolves like", water dissolves polar substances best
- Molecules that form hydrogen bonds in water also dissolve very well
Thus, a polar substance that can form hydrogen bonds will be most soluble in water. Hydrophobic substances and non-polar substances cannot dissolve well in water.
Learn more about hydrogen bonding here:
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