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Chad is a landlocked country in central Africa. It borders Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, and Cameroon, Nigeria and Niger to the west. It has an area of 1,284,000 km2 with an estimated population of 11 million people.
Until recently, the country was among the poorest in the world, partly due to the long civil war of ethnic and religious factions (in the north the main religion is Islam, and in the south Christianity and animism, although some northern factions also clashed). Crude oil exports began in 2004, which could lead to a significant increase in national wealth in the future.