Answer:
C.
Explanation:
Negative Reinforcement was the term used by B. F. Skinner in his theory named Operant Conditioning. Operant Conditioning is a method of learning that includes rewards or punishment.
In Operant Conditioning, negative reinforcement is defined as a behavior trying to escape from negative outcomes or aversive stimuli. Aversive stimuli is the term used for the stimulus that a person usually wants to avoid or escape. In simple terms, a negative reinforcement can be defined as a behavior that is unpleasant is tend to be removed to create a favorable outcome.
In the given case, negative reinforcement is taking place, because Mark is trying to remove the behavior of getting up late to avoid being yelled by his mother as he dislikes it. So, Mark is trying to remove an unpleasant behavior to create a favorable outcome, that is that his mother may stop yelling at him.
Thus, the correct option is C.
In operant conditioning, behaviors and actions are modified and strengthened through punishments and reinforcement. In the context of operant conditioning, the action that is exemplified through Mark's action is;
Negative reinforcement occurs when a person engages in an action in order to avoid or escape some negative consequences.
In Mark's case, he wakes up fifteen minutes earlier than his mother to avoid yelling from her.
He thus engages in a right behavior to prevent the negative reinforcement that comes from yelling.
Therefore, option C provides the best explanation of Mark's behavior.
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