Question

A mutation takes place in a protein-coding gene that changes one codon resulting in a single amino acid replacement. Which type of replacement is least likely to result in a disruption of protein structure and function?
a) a hydrophobic amino acid to a hydrophilic amino acid
b) a polar amino acid to a hydrophobic amino acid
c) an acidic amino acid to a basic amino acid
d) a hydrophilic amino acid to a hydrophobic amino acid
e) a polar amino acid to a polar amino acid

Answer 1

Answer:

The answer is A

Explanation:

Answer 2

The least likely replacement is a polar amino acid to a polar amino acid  ( e )

when a mutation takes place in a protein coding gene that changes a single codon ( replacement of an amino acid ) , the amino acid is either replaced with another amino acid with similar properties or it is replaced with an amino acid with different properties.

when a polar amino acid ( hydrophilic ) is replaced by non-polar amino acid ( hydrophobic ) the protein will loses its function ( i.e. the most effect is experienced ) but when a polar amino acid is replaced by another polar amino acid the protein will retain its function ( i.e. the least effect on the protein structure )

Hence the least likely replacement on the protein structure is the replacement of a polar amino acid to a polar amino acid

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