Answers:
In English the verb to have is used to express existence, obligation, necessity or as an auxiliary verb, this means the same verb has diverse meanings, but in Spanish is different, the meanings are separate, we have haber and tener.
Let’s explain their usage:
Note, when is used in the impersonal form is conjugated as the third person of the singular in all tenses, as follows:
hay – there is/are
había – there was/were
hubo – there was/were
habrá – there will be
habría – there would be
ha habido – there has been
For example:
Singular: Había una mesa en la sala
There was a table in the room
Plural: Había muchas mesas en la sala.
There were many tables in the room
as ser necesario (it is necessary) , it is written as follows (verbal periphrasis):
For example:
Hay que encontrar la solución.
The solution has to be found.
For example :
Matha ha comprado chocolate
Martha has bought chocolate
For example:
Tengo un vestido bonito
I have a nice dress
is used to express obligation and may be substituted by deber (must).
It is written as follows:
For example:
Tienes que ir a la escuela.
You have to go to the school or You must go to the school
For example:
Tenemos preparadas las maletas.
We have prepared the suitcases
With this sentence the subject emphasizes the fact that suitcases are already prepared.
For example:
Yo tengo 20 años.
I am 20 years old
It is commonly used in spanish phrases to express feelings, emotions or sensations.
For example:
tener calor – to be hot
tienes celos – You are jealous
¡ten cuidado! –be careful!
tengo hambre – I am hungry
Now, knowing this, let’s begin with the answers:
This sentence is a good example of the first usage of haber (to have) to express existence. In this case is written in present and in impersonal form.
There is a lot of wind.
The options Hays and hayes (do not exist in spanish) and Haya are incorrect because they are not written in the third person in singular as the rule stablishes.
This is a good example of the second usage of haber (to have) to express need.
In this case the sentence is written in present with the impersonal form to express the need to read the book “El Quijote”.
The options leo (I read) and leen (they read) are incorrect because the main verb leer (to read) is not in infinitive as the rule stablishes.
Although the form tener + que is fulfiled, the main verb comer (to eat) is not correctly conjugated with the first person in plural nosotros (we).
The correct sentence is: (Nosotros) Tenemos que comernos el pastel
We have to eat the cake
No hay que correr en esa calle
(Do not have to run on that street)
In this sentence it expresses there is no need to run in that street (in impersonal form) and is an example of the second usage of haber in the spanish grammar.
Nosotros tenemos sueño
We are sleepy
This sentence is a good example of the usage of tener as an idiomatic expression.
Note, in spanish the conjugation of the verb must match in genre and number with the subject, therefore the correct form of tener in present with the first person in singular nosotros (we) is tenemos.
The options tienen (third person in plural) and tengo (first person in singular) are not according to the subject and are incorrect.
