Penny should cite Carl Jung's work to explain Penny's observation about character types that appear frequently throughout cultures that are separated both physically in distances and mentally in the way they think. When Carl Jung was a child, he carved a tiny mannequin from his ruler, and it brought him peace and security. Later in his life, he learned that The way he made his totem, was strikingly similar to the totems in Arlesheim, Switzerland, and the Tjurungas of Australia, even though he had never been to those places.