The distinction between community and ecosystem is important for ecologists because it allows them to face different challenges at the ecological level.
- An ecosystem refers to the conjunction of all biotic components (i.e., animals, plants, fungi, protests, bacteria, etc) and abiotic components (e.g., water, atmosphere, soil, etc) present in a determined geographical area.
- A community refers to all organisms (i.e., biotic components) living in the same ecosystem, as well as the interrelationships among them.
- In some situations, members of a community may be affected by each other, but the whole ecosystem is resilient to these interactions.
- It is well known that specific populations may be unaffected by a particular limiting biotic factor, which is particularly harmful to other populations (e.g., a specific infectious microorganism affecting a determined species).
- In a similar way, a determined abiotic factor (e.g., temperature range) may affect a particular population, but it doesn't affect other populations living in the same area (i.e., living in the same ecosystem).
In conclusion, the distinction between community and ecosystem is important for ecologists because it allows them to face different challenges at the ecological level.
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