Answer:
1) Mountland Republic is most likely to be following what type of system of social stratification?
Social classes divide society into three basic groups high, middle and low, and an individual's wealth, prestige and power determine their social class. But social classes are mobile, meaning that someone born poor can become rich or vice versa.
2) As a result of the heightened class consciousness:
During many years (hopefully not anymore), countries like India established very strict social castes that determined the life of all individuals. if they were lucky then they were born rich and powerful, and if they were unlucky and born poor, they were condemned to be poor and couldn't progress.